1. it is a black hat seo technique
2. now in 2016 clocking is being tracked by search engine spiders
3. In clocking the content presented to search engine is different than users
4.The goal of cloaking is to boost a website's search engine rank on certain keywords.
5.Cloaking takes a user to other sites than he or she expects by disguising those sites' true content. During cloaking, the search engine spider and the browser are presented with different content for the same Web page
I wouldn't necessarily say that all cloaking is a blackhat because a lot of people cloak their affiliate links when they are promoting digital products from sites like Clickbank. Additionally, when you're using a "link shortner" on social media platforms like Twitter, you're basically doing the same thing. It makes the links look nicer, and in the case of Twiter, it saves space -- since you're limited by the number of characters you can use.
Cloaking: It is a SEO technique. When content submitted to the search spider and content present in web page are different then it is said that Cloaking is done.
Cloaking in SEO is sending different content to both Search engine spider and website visitor. It reads the IP address, and relevant content will be delivered. Its an common Black hat SEO Technique. a separate page will be redirected to visitor to attract towards the online products.