A lot of great tips and ideas already suggested.
I do performance consulting, and there are psychological principles at work,
as such, everyone works a bit differently.
One thing that happens to most everyone is that they hit a type of "Wall" at
some point where they find themselves unable to really get much done that
is advancing them toward their goal. This happens especially to people who
are starting out on something and don't really know how to pull things together.
The difference between this happening to a veteran v.s. novice, is that the
veteran can "Wing-it" for a while until they get re-focused, while the novice
is out there kind of blowing in the wind (so to speak).
There is no magic wand that is going to pass over anyone to make them
productive and focused all of the time. The problem comes from having
difficulty focusing when you need to be working.
Working at home is one of the most difficult things to do for many people.
There are so many distractions, and ways that a person can get off-track,
that it takes a lot of planning (as mentioned), organizing (also mentioned),
and willpower to overcome many of these distractions.
Distraction will happen, it is natural. The brain can handle only so much
for so long, and needs a break. By "Training" your brain to focus a little longer
each work session, you can get a lot more done.
There is also this thing called "The Zone" where you are so wrapped up in something
that you just don't get distracted. This happens when you watch a really good movie,
or read an interesting book.
1. Don't be afraid to take a break when you need to, just don't baby yourself.
2. Try to organize BEFORE you begin a project so that you don't have to get distracted
looking for things that you should have had at hand. This includes getting your files
in one place on your computer, maybe even setting up a list of web sites that you
will be using. It depends on what you are working on.
3. DON'T UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES GO CHECKING YOUR EMAIL! The worst time
wasting thing that you can do, and the most unproductive. This also goes for
Face-waste, Twittle, and the rest of the social media. Pick a time to go there,
and limit yourself. A bit of self-discipline never hurts.
4. If you are not using the internet for research, then turn it off. The internet is the
biggest hazard and distraction to people - period!
There are many other options and ways to stay productive, but I hope that this gives
everyone a good starting point. I'd give a few more, but my fingers are getting tired!